Tangerine

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(Citrus reticulata blanco)
Supports healthy skin, immune response, digestion and metabolism. It soothes nervous tension and irritability and promotes restful sleep.

 Info

Tangerine
Citrus reticulata blanco

Plant Origin: USA
Method: Cold pressed from rind
Cultivation: Grown using organic methods; unsprayed
Chemical Family: Monoterpene
Aroma: Citrusy, fresh, fruity, sweet
Note (Evaporation Rate): Top

Key Constituents from GC/MS Analysis: Lot#119
limonene 91.31%
myrcene 1.58%
gamma-terpinene 2.99%
sabinene 0.16%
para-cymene 0.52%

Safety Information
Children: Suitable

Pregnancy/Breastfeeding: Suitable

Medication/Health Issues: There are no known contraindications. To avoid skin sensitization risk, do not use old and oxidized oils.

Therapeutic Uses
Tangerine expressed oil may support, aid, ease, soothe, reduce, calm, relax, promote and/or maintain healthy function of the following:
Anxiety
Calming
Cellulite
Circulation
Cystitis
Digestion, gas
Fatigue
Fluid retention
Grief/Shock (combine with Sweet Marjoram and diffuse)
Gallbladder, stimulate
Liver
Lymphatic system (drainage)
Muscle ache, cramp, spasm
Nervous tension
Parasites
Pregnancy, stretch marks
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Shock/Grief (combine with Sweet Marjoram and diffuse)
Skin, acne, oily, pale, stretch marks
Sleep
Tumors (see “Research” below)
Weight, obesity

Hopewell Essential Oil Blends Containing Tangerine
Citrus Blessing
Citrus Quench
Dr. Hull's Mental Stimulation
Dr. Hull's Sleep
Fire Power
Peaceful
Sleepy Time Moisturizing Spray

Tangerine contains esters and aldehydes, which are sedating and calming to the nervous system. People have testified to the soothing benefits of diffusing Tangerine and Marjoram for emotional issues such as grief and shock.

Research Articles
In rodent studies, d-limonene demonstrated antitumoral action in cancers of the breast, liver, pancreas and stomach. Evidence not shown here suggests that these effects are mainly due to metabolites of limonene.

Haag JD Lindstrom MJ, Gould MN (1992) Limonene-induced regression of mammary carcinomas. Cancer Research 52:4021-4026

Kaji I, Tatsuta M, Iishi H et al (2001) Inhibition by d-limonene of experimental hepatocarcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats does not involve p21(ras) plasma membrane association. International Journal of Cancer 93:441-444

Lu XG, Zhan LB, Feng BA et al (2004) Inhibition of growth and metastasis of human gastric cancer implanted in nude mice by d-limonene. World Journal of Gastroenterology 10:2140-2144

Nakaizumi A, Baba M, Uehara H et al (1997) d-Limonene inhibits N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine induced hamster pancreatic carcinogenesis. Cancer Letters 117:99-103

Uedo N, Tatsuta M, Iishi H et al (1999) Inhibition by d-limonene of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats. Cancer Letters 137:131-136

Immunostimulant effects of d-limonene that have been seen in rodent studies include stimulating lymphocyte proliferation increasing the total white blood cell count, increasing the number and phagocytic activity of macrophages and stimulating antibody production. Natural killer cell activity was enhanced in vitro by d-limonene.

Del Toro-Arreola S, Flores-Torales E, Torres-Lozano (2005) Effect of d-limonene on immune response in BALB/c mice with lymphoma. International Immunopharmacology 5:829-838

Hamada M, Uezu K, Matsushita J et al (2002) Distribution and immune responses resulting from oral administration of d-limonene in rats. Journal of Nutritional Science & Vitaminology (Tokyo) 48:155-160

Li Q, Nakadai A, Matsushima H (2006) Phytoncides (wood essential oils) induce human natural killer cell activity. Immunopharmacology & Immunotoxicology 28:319-333

Manuele MG, Ferraro G, Anesini C (2008) Effect of Tilia x viridis flower extract on the proliferation of a lymphoma cell line and on normal murine lymphocytes: contribution of monoterpenes, especially limonene. Phytotherapy Research 22:1520-1526

In a randomized clinical trial (with 676 patients) for acute bronchitis, a combination of α-pinene, limonene and 1,8 cineole produced better results than the antibiotics cefuroxime and ambroxol, though all treatments were more effective than placebo. Myrtol standardized, or GeloMyrtol®, is a capsule for oral ingestion containing 20 mg α-pinene, 75 mg limonene and 75 mg 1,8 cineole.

Matthys H, de Mey C, Carls C et al (2000) Efficacy and tolerability of myrtol standardized in acute bronchitis. A multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group clinical trial vs. cefuroxime and ambroxol. Arzneimittelforschung 50:700-711

d-Limonene was analgesic on intraperitoneal injection of 25 or 50 mg/kg to mice. The pharmacodynamics suggested an inhibition of pain-inducing cytokines, rather than an opioid-type effect.

Do Amaral JF, Silva MI, Neto MR et al (2007) Antinociceptive effect of the monoterpene R-(+)-limonene in mice. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 30:1217-1220

Orally administered to mice, d-limonene inhibited production of nitric oxide, γ-interferon and interleukin-4, reducing inflammation.

Souza MC, Siani AC, Ramos MF et al (2003) Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of essential oils from two Asteraceae species. Pharmazie 58:582-586

Application Suggestions (See Essential Oil Usage for more information and a Dilution Chart.)
Topical: Dilute with a carrier oil, unscented lotion or unscented cream and apply on area of concern or as desired. Consider using a roll-on applicator for ease of application of prediluted oil.

Since Tangerine does not have a limiting dilution parameter, we suggest that adults follow the General Guidelines found on the Dilution Chart, which is:

2-3% for daily application

Up to 25% for short-term use

Children: For infants and children, please refer to the Dilution Chart on the Babies and Children page.

Inhalation: Diffuse or use a personal Nasal Inhaler

Internal: Tangerine is suitable for internal use within safe parameters if such use is deemed appropriate. We feel that internal use is rarely *needed* and should only be used with respect for how concentrated the oils are. HEO does not advocate internal use of essential oils without appropriate knowledge and understanding of how to administer, for what purpose, how much, which essential oils, safety concerns and so on. In our experience, essential oils are generally more effective used topically with proper dilution or inhaled. Kurt Schnaubelt Ph.D. notes that "French aromatherapy literature contains many references to using oils internally." He goes on to note that "generally 1 drop is always enough when ingesting essential oils." A potential toxicity hazard could occur when untrained people use essential oils orally and ingest too much. Keep in mind that while medical doctors or health care practitioners may prescribe essential oils for internal use, they are trained and experienced in the safe application of essential oils. It is not a matter of using "French aromatherapy" or "British" methods, it's a matter of experience and appropriate application. Click here for information about internal usage.

Testimonies
The following anecdotal testimonies have not been reviewed by the FDA.
The products mentioned are not intended to diagnose, prevent, treat or cure disease.
Information shared on the HEO website is not intended to be a substitute for medical advice given by your trusted health care provider.
We believe that essential oils are provided by the Lord to support our health and well-being.
The Lord is our wisdom, protector and healer.
(Genesis 1:29-30, Ezekiel 47:12)

1. We just completed a 2000 mile round trip to Boston and back to visit our son and daughter-in-law. 700 miles into the trip home I developed terrible sciatica. I mixed Tangerine into a carrier oil and applied to the hot spots on my leg. Twenty minutes later the pain was gone and it has not come back! - Lana

2. I haven't tried any oils for interstitial cystitis, but I can tell you that I use a drop of Tangerine oil a lot in my water to help me drink more, and it doesn't seem to bother me one bit. I love it! Drinking water helps a lot with IC. - Amanda

3. My husband has gotten some badly infected cysts. Tangerine oil topically is what finally made the cyst shrink 95%. It took 2 weeks 2x a day of Tangerine oil for it to shrink by 95%. - Aquene

Safety
Tangerine is considered is non-toxic, non-irritating and non-sensitizing (Battaglia), although is can be sensitizing if oxidized (Tisserand).

Avoid contact with the eyes and other sensitive areas. Essential oils are both lipophilic and hydrophobic. Lipophilic means they are attracted to fat— like the membranes of your eyes and skin. They are also hydrophobic, meaning they do not like water. Applying a carrier oil will create another fat for the essential oil to be attracted to other than the membranes of the eyes or skin. Tisserand suggests: "With essential oils, fatty oil has been suggested as an appropriate first aid treatment, though the advantage of saline [eyewash] is that the eyes can be continually flushed, and this is less easy with fatty oil.” We are not aware of a case where essential oil in the eyes caused permanent injury or long-term discomfort, but if you feel concerned, please call your health care provider.

References
Battaglia, Salvatore, The Complete Guide to Aromatherapy, 2002, page 268.
Sheppard-Hanger, Sylla, The Aromatherapy Practitioner Reference Manual, Tampa, FL: Atlantic Institute of Aromatherapy, 1994, page 179.
Tisserand, Robert; Young, Rodney, Essential Oil Safety: A Guide for Health Care Professionals, Elsevier Health Sciences UK 2nd Edition 2014, page 437-438.
Worwood, Valerie Ann, The Complete Book of Essential Oils and Aromatherapy, New World Library, 2016, page 625.

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May the Lord guide you continually, preserving your health and watering your life when you are dry. May you be like a well-watered garden, like an ever-flowing spring full of hope for your future in His care.
From Isaiah 58:11 & Jeremiah 29:11