Hop

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(Humulus lupulus)
Anti-inflammatory properties may help ease pain, soothe minor skin issues and support healthy breathing. Soothes nervous tension and promotes restful sleep.

 Info

Hop
Humulus lupulus

Plant Origin: USA
Method: Steam distilled flower catkins
Cultivation: unsprayed (grown organically but not certified)
Chemical Family: Sesquiterpene
Aroma: Fruity, spicy

Key Constituents from GC/MS Analysis: Lot# 104
alpha humulene 19.88% *see note below
beta-caryophyllene 13.35%
myrcene 52.54%
delta-cadinene 0.51%
alpha copaene 0.24%
y-cadinene 0.27%
alpha muurolene 0.08%
sabinene 0.05%
linalool 0.42%
geraniol 0.28%

Safety Information
Children: Suitable

Pregnancy/Breastfeeding: No known hazards or contraindications. Tisserand/Young note: "Although the plant [hop] contains estrogenic substances (Bradely 1992), no evidence could be found either for their presence in the essential oil, or for a hormone-like activity in the oil."

Therapeutic Uses
Hop essential oil may support, aid, ease, soothe, reduce, calm, relax, promote and/or maintain healthy function of the following:
Anxiety
Asthma
Astringent
Bruises
Calming
Coughs
Cramps
Dermatitis
Digestion, indigestion, nervous stomach
Headaches
Hypersensitivity
Inflammation
Insomnia
Joints
Menopausal symptoms
Menstrual issues, cramps
Migraines
Neuralgia
Nervous anxiety, tension
Pain
Rash
Sedative - Kurt Schnaubelt notes that a drop of Hop orally "is a powerful sedative."
Skin, dermatitis, rash, rough, ulcers
Sleep
Stress
Uplifting

It is often blended with Valerian to create a sleep-inducing blend. Hop is being studied for its cancer-protective properties in women. While the hop herb seems to have estrogenic properties, these properties are not present in the essential oil.

Historically it is claimed that when King George went mad or had one of his fits, the doctors had him sleep on a hop pillow.

For Anti-inflammatory issues, consider blending Hop with Copaiba for a highly anti-inflammatory blend.

The statement below is by Dr. Robert Pappas, a leading authority in the field of GC/MS analysis and reporting chemical breakdowns of essential oils. He also has the largest online chemical reference database for essential oils in the world.

"While the therapeutic benefits of alpha humulene are being discussed, how did the industry notice Ocotea over Hop oil? Does that seem strange to anyone else? Typically Hop essential oil has this constituent in the 20 to 40% range. The range in Ocotea is much lower. Even the EO of Brazilian Cordia species that may have been the ground breaker for this research typically has alpha humulene content of 14% more or less. In fact, in a typical analysis of Ocotea Quixos, of the 40 to 60 components identified, alpha humulene is often not listed in the top five major peaks. Instead, beta caryophyllene, cinnamyl acetate, sabinene, geranial, trans-cinnamaldehyde, methyl cinnamate, 1,8 cineole, benzaldehyde, and beta selinene were mentioned more frequently than alpha humulene. Published reports from Flavor and Fragrance Journal Volume 21, issue 4, pages 674-676 July/August 2006 and Food Chemistry Journal reports from May 2004 confirm."

Preventive and therapeutic anti-inflammatory properties of the sesquiterpene α-humulene in experimental airways allergic inflammation

In conclusion, the results presented here revealed that the sesquiterpene α-humulene, when given either preventively or therapeutically, reduced the eosinophilic migration into the BALF and lung tissue, when assessed in a murine model of airway allergic inflammation. Our data also revealed that α-humulene exerts its actions through mechanisms associated with the modulation of Th1/Th2 balance, decreased mucus production, inhibition of IL-5, CCL11 and LTB4 levels and P-selectin expression, probably by inhibiting the activation of the transcription factors, NF-κB and AP-1. Such results confirm and also largely extend our previous findings and suggest that α-humulene might constitute an attractive molecule with potential interest for the treatment of asthma and related inflammatory and allergic diseases.

*Alpha humulene has anti-inflammatory properties and was found to decrease the edema formation caused by histamine injections. Humanely produced inhibitory effects on tumor necrosis factor-a (TNFa) and interleukin-1 (IL1B) generation in carrageenan-injected rats.

Application Suggestions (See Essential Oil Usage for more information and a Dilution Chart.)
Topical: Dilute with a carrier oil, unscented lotion or unscented cream and apply on area of concern or as desired. Consider using a roll-on applicator for ease of application of prediluted oil.

Since Hop does not have a limiting dilution parameter, we suggest that adults follow the General Guidelines found on the Dilution Chart, which is:

2-3% for daily application

Up to 25% for short-term use

Children: For infants and children, please follow the Dilution Chart on the Babies and Children page. babies-children.php

Inhalation: Diffuse or use a personal Nasal Inhaler

Internal: Hop is suitable for internal use within safe parameters if such use is deemed appropriate. We feel that internal use is rarely *needed* and should only be used with respect for how concentrated the oils are. HEO does not advocate internal use of essential oils without appropriate knowledge and understanding of how to administer, for what purpose, how much, which essential oils, safety concerns and so on. In our experience, essential oils are generally more effective used topically with proper dilution or inhaled. Kurt Schnaubelt Ph.D. notes that "French aromatherapy literature contains many references to using oils orally." He goes on to note that "generally 1 drop is always enough when ingesting essential oils." A potential toxicity hazard could occur when untrained people use essential oils orally and ingest too much. Keep in mind that while medical doctors or health care practitioners may prescribe essential oils for internal use, they are trained and experienced in the safe application of essential oils. It is not a matter of using "French" or "British" methods, it's a matter of experience and appropriate application.

Schnaubelt notes that a drop of Hop orally "is a powerful sedative."
Click here for information about internal usage.

Safety
Tisserand notes no known hazards or contraindications, although some literature suggests to avoid with depression.

Tisserand writes that there is no evidence that Hop contains estrogenic substances, or has any hormone-like activity in the oil.

Avoid contact with the eyes and other sensitive areas. Essential oils are both lipophilic and hydrophobic. Lipophilic means they are attracted to fat— like the membranes of your eyes and skin. They are also hydrophobic, meaning they do not like water. Applying a carrier oil will create another fat for the essential oil to be attracted to other than the membranes of the eyes or skin. Tisserand suggests: "With essential oils, fatty oil has been suggested as an appropriate first aid treatment, though the advantage of saline [eyewash] is that the eyes can be continually flushed, and this is less easy with fatty oil.” We are not aware of a case where essential oil in the eyes caused permanent injury or long-term discomfort, but if you feel concerned, please call your health care provider.

References
Schnaubelt, Kurt, The Healing Intellegience of Essential Oils, 2011, page 133.
Tisserand, Robert; Young, Rodney, Essential Oil Safety: A Guide for Health Care Professionals, Elsevier Health Sciences UK 2nd Edition 2014, page 305-306.
Wildwood, Chrissie, Bloomsbury Encyclopedia of Aromatherapy, Bloomsbury Publishing, 1996, pages 267-268.
Worwood, Valerie Ann, The Complete Book of Essential Oils and Aromatherapy, New World Library, 2016, pages 593-594.

Passosa, G.F.; Fernandesa, ES. et al. (August 2007). "Anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties of the essential oil and active compounds from Cordia verbenacea". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 110 (2): 323–333. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.04.059. PMID 17559833.

Fernandes E.S., Passos G.F., Medeiros R., da Cunha F.M., Ferreira J., Campos M.M., Pianowski L.F., Calixto J.B. (2007). "Anti-inflammatory effects of compounds alpha-humulene and (−)-trans-caryophyllene isolated from the essential oil of Cordia verbenacea". European Journal of Pharmacology 569 (3): 228–236. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.04.059. PMID 17559833.

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May the Lord guide you continually, preserving your health and watering your life when you are dry. May you be like a well-watered garden, like an ever-flowing spring full of hope for your future in His care.
From Isaiah 58:11 & Jeremiah 29:11